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零度社团 Club Zero(2023)

简介:

    诺瓦克老师在一所私立寄宿高中开始了新教职,讲授一门饮食营养创新课程,其先锋的理念挑战着一些传统的饮食习惯。其他老师和家长都不甚设防,一些学生更是深受启发,加入了神秘的零度社团。

演员:



影评:

  1. 从一个「正常人」到一步步行为失序,乃至放弃现有生活走向「另一个世界」,需要经历甚么过程?现代邪教又是如何润物细无声地渗透进日常生活?笔者一直对「邪教究竟如何收服人心」这件事感到好奇,而《零度社团》则以更为平易近人的方式,透过与所有人都息息相关的饮食话题,从微笑有礼的开场导向令人毛骨悚然的冰冷结局。

    观看《零度社团》的过程是令人不安、甚至会忍不住手脚蜷缩的,但充满巧思的视听语言和不断引发的头脑风暴,却也让整个观影体验有种酣畅淋漓的痛快感。

    先说视听语言:明黄色的校服、绿色的发带、老师的紫色服饰,仿若韦斯安德逊影像风格的对称构图和斑斓色彩,本该是令人愉悦的存在,但明快颜色的背后,是逐渐抑制食欲的「意识饮食」愈发夸张的推进,这种反差带来更强烈的冲击力。这种做法在影视作品中其实并不少见,近年大热的韩剧《鱿鱼游戏》便是把你死我活的生存游戏放在五颜六色的游乐场,表象越绚烂,内里越冰冷。国产剧之光《隐秘的角落》和《漫长的季节》更是把天真无邪的儿歌与凶杀案相连,乃至不少观众如今听到剧中的儿歌时都倍感惊悚。

    本片的背景音乐则大部分为重复又有规律的敲击声,以鼓作为主角,辅以具有电子乐风格的旋律,为影片笼罩沉沉压抑感。它可能只是家人聊天时草坪上的自动洒水机声,来自生活中的普通物件,在非常自然的场景下,营造身处其中被感染而不自知的恐怖氛围,具有抽离时空又具宗教色彩的诡异风格。而一切悲剧的起源——露华小姐自创(或是「Club Zero」会员都会唱的)哼唱旋律也是一大亮点:起初她哼唱时,营养学学员之一好奇睁眼张望,怯生生小声跟唱,当一群「意识饮食」的信徒全身心投入这一信仰,独唱转为清晰完整甚至带有和声的共振,这个小型邪教也基本成型。

    片中颇有一些隐喻明显但又十分巧妙的设置,比如当露华小姐向发带学生提出「意识饮食可以更进一步」的建议时,好奇的发带学生向前一步,她也从原本的阳光下走入了阴影;镜头的切换也很值得细细揣摩:开场时,镜头在围成一圈的营养课成员脸上一一特写扫过,而当最终留下的学员们再度被以同样的方式记录,起初的漫不经心变成了痴迷和偏执,是令人震撼的改变;最妙的则是影片结尾,当一群担忧自己孩子的家长相聚一堂,而学生之一缓缓说出进入「Club Zero」的指引,镜头从每个人的半身特写突然拉远成为全景,一群人以学生为中心静静坐着,思考着下一步的做法……他们会否成为「Club Zero」新的拥趸?影片戛然而止,字幕缓缓升起,观众则多半沉浸在震撼中难以回神。

    在观影时笔者一直忍不住思考:究竟甚么样的受众,会被明显反人类常识的理论吸引,深信自己是「超脱于大众的一小撮,特别的、被选中的人」,能看到和实行别人无法做到的事情?根据维基百科的「邪教」解释,它是一种「于心理学层面操纵或施压其成员的、有危害性的组织或个人,亦可以指代其信仰」,但由于参与者也有一定的自主意识,现实生活中它们则很难被明确定义和区分,不少学者开始谨慎使用「邪教」这个词语。更多学者批判的重点,在于邪教团体以某种形式的强制劝说或精神控制来招募会员,压抑他们的理性思维能力,并使他们丧失为自己作出最佳利益选择的能力。

    以「精神控制」的典型步骤为例,片中在露华小姐劝说下一步步走向「人可以不靠进食而生存」之路的学员们,首先因为很少甚至不摄入食物,身体或情绪处于一种不安状况;他们在青春期遇到的各种问题(比如父母对他们作为运动员的身材要求严厉、不能在身边陪伴、不能理解自己的环保想法、对自己在学业上有很高期待等),都被归结为简单的解释——他们不能看到真正的你,而且这个解释被反复强调;在学生和家人关系紧张、感到孤立无援时,领导人,即露华小姐,给了他们无条件的爱和接纳,并让他们透过「Club Zero」成为伙伴;而随着他们的行为逐渐异于常人,他们与身边的其他朋友、亲人和主流文化信奉的理念相隔离,也愈发难以融入现实世界。

    其实听到《零度社团》,影迷们应该最容易联想到的是《浪潮》:在当代人觉得纳粹时期的狂热人类简直不可思议时,高中老师在课上作了个假想「独裁」的实验,成功让原本自由散漫的学生滑向「纳粹」的深渊……无论是这个实验也好,还是最新的《零度社团》也罢,都指向一个很可怕的事实:虽然依然也有清醒的学员可以抽身而出,但对于原本生活就充满问题的、有偏执倾向的、缺乏独立思考能力的人来说,从天堂堕入地狱可能并不需要太长时间。而观赏《零度社团》时,除了享受当中精致的视听语言(和饰演露华小姐的华丝歌丝姬的超绝演技!)外,或许观众也能对精神控制、对邪教和人性、甚至是对片中的亲子关系,产生新的思考。

    「我们的存在有某种荒谬性。如果拉开一点距离来看,我们所相信、奉行的很多事,似乎都很荒谬可笑,甚至徒劳无功。在我的电影中,我总是尝试拉远目光来反思这一点。《零度社团》就是从这个角度出发,以夸张得几乎荒谬的程度,较为幽默地探讨黑暗的主题」,导演说。

  2. 本文首发于微信公众号一种读写,恳请大家能关注关注。

    《零度社团》是奥地利知名女导演杰西卡·豪丝娜继《小小乔》之后的长片新作,该片入围2023年的戛纳电影节主竞赛单元,虽在奖项上没有斩获,却引发了电影界对此广泛的讨论。《零度社团》甫一公映,口碑便出现了两极分化的现象,有人对它赞不绝口,有人认为它是一部矫揉造作的形式电影。或许因为这样的问题,《零度社团》的热度一直低迷,可它浓浓的的形式感以及荒诞的剧情却吸引了我,迫使我写下这篇小文。 电影的开头便打上了一行字幕:“本片包含精神控制和相关饮食失调的场景,可能会冒犯敏感的人。”导演依旧想延续《小小乔》以来的社会议题,并且在电影中表现出来,借由社会议题来表达自己的观点。《零度社团》将其矛头对准了时下正兴的“科学饮食”,但观完整部电影,你会发现中心根本就不是所谓的饮食。 诺瓦克是一所贵族学校的营养课老师,她所教授的饮食课程在校内外大受欢迎,本次的课程招收到了七名性格迥异的学生,他们参加饮食课程的目的也大不相同,有人是为了追寻健康的饮食,有人是为了减肥保持身材,有人是为了缓解全球的气候变化,有人是为了修完这门课程以获得奖学金……诺瓦克并不在意他们到来的目的,她立即开展了授课,讲述一种名叫自觉饮食法的饮食方法,大概就是在吃食物之前去除所有的杂念,充分地闻食物的味道,然后进行饮食。学生们学习了这种方法之后,食量慢慢减少起来,多数家长也认同这门课程,因为为他们的孩子带来了积极作用。贵族学校的女学监也十分支持诺瓦克教授的饮食课程。然而诺瓦克并不只是一位饮食课老师,她还是零度社团的一名成员,顾名思义,零度社团的参与者不会吃任何的食物。在诺瓦克的指引下,五名学生加入了零度社团,他们在学校食堂只用刀叉来切食物,从不将食物送至嘴中,边切边说自己在吃这块食物。看到这里,你或许会觉得这部电影的中心是批判这种饮食方法,电影也确实在朝着这个方向进展。 等同于绝食的零度社团的饮食方法很快引发了家长们的反弹,其中的一名学生因为未注射治疗自身糖尿病的胰岛素而被送入医院,还有学生因为体重过轻而无法从事体育运动,家长们从一开始的支持变成了强烈反对,他们容许孩子们少吃,但是不能不吃,他们来到了学校集体反对诺瓦克老师教授的课程。学校迫于压力,用私下与学生接触的借口将诺瓦克老师解雇。问题在这里貌似得到了妥善的处理,孩子们开始恢复进食,家长们的脸都露出了欣慰的笑容。然而电影的下一步走向却出乎所有人意料,当第二天推开孩子们卧室房门后,他们全部消失了,只留下了欧吐出来的昨天吃下的食物,他们离开的理由也全部相同:去更好的世界。影片的最后是家长们聚集在一起,有一名学生因为滑雪没有参与出逃,一位家长说或许我们应该不吃食物才能理解他们,知道他们去了哪里。而这位没有出逃的学生回了一句:“不,因为你们没有信仰。” 为了真正理解电影的真实意图,我特意去查找了导演接受关于这部电影的采访,杰西卡·豪丝娜是不折不扣的环保主义者,我认为她并不想通过这部电影里的情节来讽刺西方的白左们,相反的是,杰西卡更想去讨论现在社会下家庭关系,即父母对子女的精神控制。绝食是一种延续多年的抗争方式,它在许多的历史事件里屡见不鲜,举最近的一个例子,韩国最大在野党的党首李在明绝食抗议韩国当局,场景悲壮得感动了不少中国人。当电影中的学生们加入了零度社团,开启了零进食,在家长的眼里这是绝食行为,本质上是拒绝家长的对其的精神控制,家长一定会认为这是一场对父母的挑战。无论在东方或西方社会,绝食被赋予了厚重的社会意义。 因此,零度社团是一部直指家庭精神控制的电影。当然,电影并没有鼓励人们去绝食,电影也批判了零度社团畸形的饮食方法对人造成的危害。回到影片的最后一句话:你们没有信仰。尽管电影中的学生们选择了一种不为常人理解甚至对人体造成危害的饮食方法,但是他们却寻找到适合自己的信仰,并且不后悔。他们做出这样的选择未必没有经过深思熟虑,例如电影里有学生就不认同自觉饮食法而偷偷进食,他们完全有中途退出的机会,诺瓦克也没有强迫学生,反倒是常言关心子女的家长硬将西兰花塞进了孩子的嘴里。 由此可见,《零度社团》的立意是高出现在许多粗制滥造的电影一大截,可是为什么效果不够明显?甚至遭到了抵制?第一点:杰西卡·豪丝娜的电影往往去追求一种形式感,为了形式感破坏了整部电影的故事结构。第二点:从文学角度来看。《零度社团》这部电影有一种明显的浮空感,导演曾说为了广泛性找来了不同国家的演员来出演电影,然而毫无效果,一所庞大的贵族学校以及其中的除主角们外的学生们彻彻底底沦为了背景板。第三点:电影的主旨不明,即使现在大多数人认为这部电影在反对精神控制,电影的主旨依旧模糊,究竟是讽刺这种饮食观以及背后支持的价值观,还是反对家庭中的精神控制?作者手中的“天平”明显没有让人看出倾向于哪一边。所以《零度社团》便成了一部毁誉参半的电影。 《零度社团》仍然是一部值得许多人看看的电影,尤其是传统式的中国社会,父母们应该去想想子女的选择,受精神控制的人应该去思考自己的处境,当精神控制成为一种常态时,我们就会遗忘,顺从,不去改变。在我看来,中国更需要这种题材的电影,为我们带来启示,甚至是改变。最后补充一句,绝食是不可取,任何时刻都要珍惜自己的生命。

  3. Title: Flux Gourmet

    Year: 2022

    Country: UK, Hungary, USA

    Language: English, Greek, German

    Genre: Comedy, Drama

    Director/Screenwriter: Peter Strickland

    Cinematography: Tim Sidell

    Editor: Mátyás Fekete

    Cast:

    Fatma Mohamed

    Gwendoline Christie

    Asa Butterfield

    Ariane Labed

    Makis Papadimitriou

    Richard Bremmer

    Leo Bill

    Rating: 5.6/10

    Title: Club Zero

    Year: 2023

    Country: Austria, UK, Germany, France, Denmark, Turkey, USA, Qatar, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Language: English, French, Chinese

    Genre: Comedy, Drama, Thriller

    Director: Jessica Hausner

    Screenwriters: Jessica Hausner, Géraldine Bajard

    Music: Markus Binder

    Cinematography: Martin Gschlacht

    Editor: Karina Ressler

    Cast:

    Mia Wasikowska

    Florence Baker

    Ksenia Devriendt

    Luke Barker

    Samuel D Anderson

    Sidse Babett Knudsen

    Amir El-Masry

    Gwen Currant

    Andrei Hozoc

    Sade McNichols-Thomas

    Amanda Lawrence

    Elsa Zylberstein

    Mathieu Demy

    Sam Hoare

    Camilla Rutherford

    Lukas Turtur

    Keeley Forsyth

    Rating: 7.7/10

    A brace of films pertaining to alimentary expressions and choices, yet, “bon appetite” is an inapt wish for us bums on seats because neither is tailored to gratifying foodies. Instead, both films pose a challenge to confront our conventional ideas towards our victuals.

    Peter Strickland’s 5th fictional feature FLUX GOURMET is an artsy elaboration on power, dominance and manipulation via a far-out sonic culinary exhibition which is almost unheard of. Meantime, Jessica Hausner’s 6th feature-length film CLUB ZERO introduces a granola method of diet, that is perversely extended to a suicidal starvation to test today’s well-bred young generation’s limit on faith.

    As much as an affinity to Strickland’s innovative aesthetic has been grown in Yours Truly - that quaintly lepidopteran, sapphic transgression and fastidious fetishism in THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY (2014) is so rare a testimony to unbridled auteurism in the 21st century cinema - it is with a dispirited heart for me to report that FLUX GOURMET is quite hard to embrace, even for Strickland’s fans.

    The story goes like this, Elle di Elle (Mohamed), her two assistants Lamina Propria (Labed), also her lover, and Billy Rubin (Butterfield), a step-son figure to her, are performance artists who are granted a coveted one-month residency at an art institution supervised by Jan Stevens (a hoity-toity Christie). A self-effacing journalist Stones (Papadimitriou) is hired to record the trio’s creation process and their soi-disant “sonic catering” performances. As per usual, Strickland’s preoccupation with the sound effects is allotted a goodly canvas to be baked into the trio’s performative reveries. Yet, everything feels more like a noise-fest and cringy showboating.

    Divided into three chapters following a physiological course from the mouth, the stomach to the bowel, FLUX GOURMET tosses together the internal strife among the trio, the power one-upmanship throw-down between Elle and Jan Stevens (bickering over “flanger” sounds like a conspiratorial nod to “Friends”, where Phoebe invents something called “left phalange” in the series’ finale to hilariously stop a plane to take off), the shallow sexual favors, to effect a labored relational dynamism which ends up too tedious and unremarkable for audience to take pleasure in. While its arcane usage of sonic technicalities, the absurd performances (when it goes scatological, it hits the rock bottom), plus a sweepingly and insistently detached emotional wavelength, all add insult to injury. It invokes no mystery in its wayward grandstanding of a so-called “artistic collective”. Only a meek and wistful Stones - ailed by his malfunctioning alimentary canal, chagrined by his flatulent epiphenomenon and belittled by a saturnine on-site doctor (Bremmer), engaging in a self-examining introspection with his choice diction and taciturnly fights back against the dread of mortality, only to be blindsided by the gluten-intolerant discovery - generates some breezy levity which is characteristically in paucity in Strickland’s films.

    CLUB ZERO spirits audience away to an English-speaking European elite school where Hausner’s antiseptic mise en scène, pastel palette, geometrically pleasing composition, conspire to beguiling hygge atmospherics where generational discord and miscommunication between children and their parents is perniciously brewing.

    Miss Novak (Wasikowska, exuding her irrational zeal with perfectly self-contained charm and suasion) is a new teacher in town and introduces a “conscious eating” course appealing to the impressionable students, even the principal Miss Dorset (Knudsen) gladly subscribes to the diet Miss Novak firmly espouses, in the beginning, that is to say. Driven by a pious devotion, eventually Miss Novak feels fit to broach a radical proposition to the most committed students. However, there is an oceanic divide between eating moderately and stopping eating at all, aka, the titular “club zero”, which would eventually be inculcated into the minds of some of the students by a relentless Miss Novak, who is already a member of the club.

    Among the devotees, Fred (Barker), blessed with a terpsichorean flair, is discontent being left behind by his parents who are currently devoting their work in Africa; Ragna (Baker) is the most zealous adherent, who probably practices bulimia even before Miss Novak’s course; a weight-concerned Elsa (Devriendt) undergoes a long way to overcome the temptation of food, and once she has done it, nothing can hold her back; and the most pitiful one is Ben (Anderson), a smart, healthy boy who doesn’t even believe “conscious eating” in the first place. Yet, succumbs to inferiority complex (raised by a single mother, he is not from a rich family like others), peer pressure and a strong resolve to nab a future scholarship which can be helped by the course’s credits, Ben is a late-but-not-lesser believer, and his slip is the most instructive case of how to brainwash a non-believer by any radical ideas.

    Hausner and her co-scribe Bajard coax out a cogent psychological cause and effect (Miss Novak’s persuasion, the strained family relations) relative to the students’s reactions, actions and interactions, plus how confirmation bias can aid and abet the misinterpretation of one’s “faith”, whereas their parents remain helplessly none the wiser. Only if any of them would’ve arranged a tête-à-tête with their sensitive and competitive child who willfully refuses to eat, one life could’ve been saved.

    While CLUB ZERO continues Hausner’s penchant for confronting and scrutinizing faith on its most inexplicable and fanatical terms (LOURDES, 2009; AMOUR FOU, 2014), apart from her rapier-like mindset, her own distinctive style, both visually (her variegated minimalist design and set can be easily recognized and appreciated à la Wes Anderson-lite) and aurally (Markus Binder’s strangle percussive score swells like an otherworldly incantation that casts a hypnotic spell on the audience), also come into sharp being. Hausner has obviously paid her dues. And to answer all the supporters wondering where will be her crowning glory? The film’s final line “But you need to have faith!” sound like a perfect response.

    referential entries: Strickland’s BERBERIAN SOUND STUDIO (2012, 5.9/10), THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY (2014, 8.0/10), IN FABRIC (2018, 6.8/10); Hausner's LITTLE JOE (2019, 6.6/10), LOURDES (2009, 8.0/10).